Journal Articles
 
Nockels, J. (2026). Serve Yourself: A Digital Engagement Framework for Automatic Text Recognition, IFLA Journal. 1-27.

Romein, C.A., Candela, G., Nockels, J., Vavasorri, V., Kirmizialtin, S. (forthcoming 2026). Not All Transcription is Created Equal: Stakeholder Tension in AI-Driven Automated Text Recognition. Digital Humanities Quarterly. 

Nockels, J., Nguyen, G., Charlton, A., Terras, M. (2025). God on the Stage: A Text Analysis of Frederick Douglass's Religiosity (1845 - 1887). International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing, 19(2): 95 - 111. doi: 10.3366/ijhac.2025.0352

Terras, M., Anzinger, B., Gooding, P., Muehlberger, Guenter, Nockels, J., Annemieke Romein, C., Stauder, A., Stauder, F. (2025). The artificial intelligence cooperative: READ-COOP, Transkribus, and the benefits of shared community infrastructure for automated text recognition. Open Research Europe, 5(16). https://open-research-europe.ec.europa.eu/articles/5-16

​Nockels, J., Gooding, P., Terras, M. (2024). The Implications of Handwritten Text Recognition for Accessing the Past at Scale. Journal of Documentation, 80(7): 148 - 167. doi: 10.1108/JD-09-2023-0183

Nockels, J., Gooding, P., Terras, M. (2024). Are Digital Humanities platforms facilitating sufficient diversity in research? A study of the Transkribus Scholarship Programme. Digital Scholarship in the Humanities. 1-40. doi: 10.1093/llc/fqae018

Terras, M., Gooding, P., Nockels, J., Muehlberger, G., Stauder, A., Colutto, S. (2024). On Automating Standardised Editions: the Affordances of Handwritten Text Recognition Platforms for Scholarly Editing. Scholarly Editing, 42: 1-18. doi: 10.55520/6ZH06EW2
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Nockels, J., Gooding, P., Terras, M., Ames, S. (2022). Understanding the application of Handwritten Text Recognition technology in heritage contexts: a systematic review of Transkribus in published research. Archival Science, 22(3):367-392. doi: 10.1007/s10502-02209397-0
 
For the full list see - ‪Joe Nockels: Google Scholar

Book Chapters

Nockels, J. (forthcoming 2026). 'Paying Dividends: UK Research Funding, Digital Scholarship and Inclusive Careers in Cultural Heritage Settings', in Jeanelle Horcasitas, Lisa Tagliaferri, Kalle Westerling (eds.), Navigating DH Careers Beyond the Ivory Tower. University of Minnesota Press.

Gooding, P., Nockels, J., Terras, M. (2025). 'The adoption of handwritten text recognition at the National Library of Scotland', in Lise Jaillant, Claire Warwick, Paul Gooding,  Katherine Aske, Glen Layne-Worthey, J. Stephen Downie (eds.), Navigating Artificial Intelligence for Cultural Heritage Organisations. UCL Press, pp. 187 - 207. doi: 10.14324/111.9781800088375

Peer Reviewed Conference Papers

Nockels, J. (forthcoming 2026). Ghostwriting: eXplainable Automatic Text Recognition (ATR) for Scottish Spiritualist Newspapers. Transkribus User Conference, READ-COOP, 21-23 September, Passua, Germany.

Nockels, J. (2026). Mapping Stakeholder Tension in ATR Practice. LIBER Annual Conference, 1-3 July, Trondheim, Norway.

Nockels, J. (2026). Ghostwriting: eXplainable Automatic Text Recognition (ATR) for Scottish Spiritualist Newspapers. UK - IE DH Association, University of Southampton, 15-16 June. 
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Nockels, J. (2025). Recognising Hands, Recognising Processes – Benchmarking eXplainable Automated Text Recognition (X-ATR) for Libraries, Fantastic Futures, British Library, Ai4LAM, 3-5 December.
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Nockels, J., Terras, M., Gooding, P. (2024). A Digital Engagement Framework for Handwritten Text Recognition. How can libraries harness automated transcription to develop audiences? Digital Humanities 2024, Alliance of Digital Humanities Organisations, 6-9 August, 2024, Washington D.C., United States.
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Nockels, J., Terras, M., Gooding, P. (2023). A Speculative Design for Handwritten Text Recognition and its Impact on the Digital Record. Digital Humanities 2023, Alliance of Digital Humanities Organisations, 10-14 July, 2023, Graz, Austria.
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Nockels, J. (2023). Using Transkribus at the NLS. AI Symposium, National Library of Scotland, 25 April, 2023, Edinburgh, Scotland. Recording, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l98O8GXLa-Q​
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Nockels, J. (2022). How to Facilitate HTR Work. Transkribus User Conference, READ-COOP, 29-30 September, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Nockels, J., Terras, M., Gooding, P., Muehlberger, G., Stauder, A. (2022). Are Digital Humanities platforms sufficiently facilitating diversity in research? A study of Transkribus free processing requests. Digital Humanities 2022, Alliance of Digital Humanities Organisations, 25-29 July, 2022, Tokyo, Japan [Online].

Illustrations

Nockels, J. (2022). St Sebastian. Moveable Type 14(1). doi: 10.14324/111.444.1755-4527.1524

And ... 

Critical Approaches to ATR (forthcoming Dec 2026), Melissa Terras, Joe Nockels Paul Gooding and Sarah Ames (eds.). London: facet publishing. Forthcoming Dec, 2026.